Mitochondria consist of an outer membrane and a highly folded inner membrane (cristae) and are generally tubular in shape.Their number, size, and shape relate to the cell’s energy requirements.

• Mitochondria are unique organelles because they contain their own genome and machinery for protein production.
• The mitochondrial matrix contains the enzymes for Beta-oxidation of fatty acids and citric acid cycle, and the numerous cristae increase the surface area for ATP synthesis.
• Although they are acidophilic, mitochondria are usually not seen with the LM unless they are very abundant or special stains or histochemical techniques are used.
• Histochemical staining uses specific enzymes of the citric acid cycle, which are only found in mitochondria. These staining techniques can be used clinically to aid in the diagnosis of diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
   

Now for cytoplasmic inclusions.